无法使用@规则

提问者：小点点

我正在研究一个简单的java程序的基本测试驱动开发学习，该程序为股票提供投资组合价值。

我有2类，Portfolio.java

PortfolioTest.java是一个类，我试图通过使用Mockito模拟这个StockService来为投资组合的功能编写单元测试。

我能够使用已弃用的MockitoAnnotations. initMocks（this）；

Stock.java

public class Stock {
    private String name;
    private int quantity;

    public Stock(String name, int quantity) {
        this.name = name;
        this.quantity = quantity;
    }

    public String getName() { return name; }

    public float getQuantity() { return quantity; }
}

Portfolio.java

import java.util.List;

public class Portfolio {
    private List<Stock> stocks;
    private StockService stockService;
    private Float portfolioValue;

    public Portfolio(List<Stock> stocks, Float portfolioValue) {
        this.stocks = stocks;
        this.portfolioValue = portfolioValue;
    }

    public void setStockService(StockService stockService) { this.stockService = stockService; }

    public Float calculateMarketValue() {
        Float marketValue = 0.0f;
        for(Stock stock: this.stocks) {
            marketValue += (stock.getQuantity()*stockService.getRealtimePrice(stock.getName()));
        }
        return marketValue;
    }

    public Boolean isInProfit() {
        return (portfolioValue<calculateMarketValue()?true:false);
    }
}

StockService.java

public interface StockService {
    public float getRealtimePrice(String name);
}

pom. xml

<project>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.13</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
                    <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.22.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <finalName>mockito-basic</finalName>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

PortfolioTest.java

//@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class PortfolioTestMockAnnotations {

    //@Rule public MockitoRule rule = MockitoJUnit.rule();

    @Mock
    StockService stockService;

    @InjectMocks
    Portfolio portfolio;

    @BeforeAll
    static void setUp() {

    }

    @BeforeEach
    void init(){
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        System.out.println(stockService);
        when(stockService.getRealtimePrice("infosys")).thenReturn(2200.0f);
        when(stockService.getRealtimePrice("reliance")).thenReturn(3100.0f);
        when(stockService.getRealtimePrice("indiamart")).thenReturn(4000.0f);

        List<Stock> stocks = new ArrayList<>();
        stocks.add(new Stock("infosys",10));
        stocks.add(new Stock("reliance", 5));
        portfolio = new Portfolio(stocks, 35000.0f);
        portfolio.setStockService(stockService);
    }

    @Test
    public void calculateMarketValueTest() {
        Assertions.assertEquals(portfolio.calculateMarketValue(),37500);
    }

    @Test
    public void calculateIsInProfitTest() {
        Assertions.assertTrue(portfolio.isInProfit());
    }
}

请建议正确使用@Law的方式

共2个答案

匿名用户

您的POM显示您可能会以某种方式混合JUnit5和JUnit4。有两个注释可以将方法声明为测试：

@org.junit.Test // for JUnit4
@org.junit.jupiter.api.Test // for JUnit5

如果您为JUnit4注释并将test作为JUnit4 test运行，一切都应该没问题。

但是，如果您使用JUnit5进行注释并作为JUnit5测试运行，情况会有所不同。JUnit5不使用@Law或@RunWith，但有自己的方式来初始化模拟。这篇文章可能会解释为什么某些东西有效而某些东西无效。

简而言之，要作为JUnit5运行，您的类应该有注释：

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)

因为@Law或RunWith不再起作用。这个注释需要依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <version>2.23.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

我只运行JUnit5并且有这些依赖项

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
        <version>5.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
        <version>2.23.0</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>